This Brief addresses the causes, assessment, and treatment of ADHD in Lebanese schoolchildren. It details how the disorder is currently defined in Lebanese elementary schools and examines schoolteachers’ understanding of and conceptions about ADHD across three domains: general knowledge; symptoms and diagnosis; and treatment. This concise volume presents the authors’ research into Lebanese schoolteachers’ knowledge of ADHD and their ability and readiness to address the psychological and academic needs of their students who have been diagnosed with the disorder. In addition, the Brief explores the teachers’ ability to identify ADHD subtypes in relation to a student’s gender within the Lebanese context, emphasizing the differing sociocultural expectations in the behaviors of boys and girls.