This unique text/reference presents a comprehensive review of methods for modeling signal and noise in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), providing a systematic study, classifying and comparing the numerous and varied estimation and filtering techniques drawn from more than ten years of research in this area. Topics and features: Provides a complete framework for the modeling and analysis of noise in MRI, considering different modalities and acquisition techniques Describes noise and signal estimation for MRI from a statistical signal processing perspective Surveys the different methods to remove noise in MRI acquisitions, under different approaches and from a practical point of view Reviews different techniques for estimating noise from MRI data in single- and multiple-coil systems for fully sampled acquisitions Examines the issue of noise estimation when accelerated acquisitions are considered, and parallel imaging methods are used to reconstruct the signal Includes appendices covering probability density functions, combinations of random variables used to derive estimators, and useful MRI datasets This practically-focused work serves as a reference manual for researchers dealing with signal processing in MRI acquisitions, and is also suitable as a textbook for postgraduate students in engineering with an interest in medical image processing. Dr. Santiago Aja-Fernández is an Associate Professor at the School of Telecommunications of the University of Valladolid, Spain. His other publications include the Springer title Tensors in Image Processing and Computer Vision. Dr. Gonzalo Vegas-Sánchez-Ferrero is a Research Fellow at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and in the Applied Chest Imaging Laboratory of Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.