The rapid evolution of cyberspace, computing, and communications has given rise to numerous new applications, services, and business opportunities. Over the past decade, several advancements of potentially significant benefits have emerged, such as fog and cloud computing, smart infrastructure systems and environments, Internet of Things (IoT), collaborative computing, virtual and mixed reality environments, etc. These systems are often characterized as complex, highly dynamic, and distributed. As a result, they require efficient, robust, distributed, and cooperative monitoring, measurement, control, and management for communication and data processing. As organizations and individuals rely more on these systems, it has become substantially crucial to maintain their security, trustworthiness, and resilience to attacks. These issues raise new design and operational challenges that require innovative and creative sustainable solutions for cyber security and resilience.The aim of the book is to provide a timely review of the essential fundamentals, latest developments, and diverse applications of nature-inspired algorithms in cyber security and resilience. The book targets IT professionals, engineers, software developers and academic educators, graduate students and postdocs in the field of computing and cyber security. It also targets scientists, engineers, and professionals in other related disciplines who are interested in exploring nature-inspired applications in cyber security.