PREFACE xix -- I FUNDAMENTAL BACKGROUND 1 -- 1 INTRODUCTION 3 -- 1.1 The Concept of Sustainable Development 3 -- 1.2 Sustainability in the Context of SWM 10 -- 1.3 The Framework for Sustainability Assessment 12 -- 1.4 The Structure of this Book 13 -- References 16 -- 2 TECHNOLOGY MATRIX FOR SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT 19 -- 2.1 Waste Classification and Types of Waste 19 -- 2.2 Waste Management Through Waste Hierarchy: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Recover, and Disposal 28 -- 2.3 Waste Operational Units: Real-World Cases 34 -- 2.4 Waste Operational Units: Equipment and Facilities 42 -- 2.5 Technology Matrix for Multiple Solid Waste Streams 72 -- 2.6 Final Remarks 90 -- References 90 -- 3 SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CONCERNS 99 -- 3.1 Financial Concerns 100 -- 3.2 Economic Incentives and Socioeconomic Concerns 114 -- 3.3 Social Concerns 123 -- 3.4 Final Remarks 133 -- References 134 -- 4 LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL CONCERNS 141 -- 4.1 SWM Legislation 141 -- 4.2 Sustainable Waste Management Principles and Policies 151 -- 4.3 Policy Instruments 155 -- 4.4 ISWM Plans 162 -- 4.5 Final Remarks 163 -- References 163 -- 5 RISK ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF RISK 171 -- 5.1 Formulate the Problem: Inherent Hazards in Solid Waste Management 171 -- 5.2 Risk Assessment in Solid Waste Management 176 -- 5.3 Management of Risk 183 -- 5.4 Risk Communication 184 -- 5.5 How to Promote a Sustainable Solid Waste Management with Risk Analysis? 186 -- 5.6 Final Remarks 188 -- References 188 -- II PRINCIPLES OF SYSTEMS ENGINEERING 193 -- 6 GLOBAL CHANGE, SUSTAINABILITY, AND ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES FOR SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT 195 -- 6.1 Global Change Impacts 195 -- 6.2 Sustainability Considerations and Criteria 208 -- 6.3 Adaptive Management Strategies for Solid Waste Management Systems 208 -- 6.4 Final Remarks 210 -- References 210 -- 7 SYSTEMS ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES FOR SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT 215 -- 7.1 Systems Engineering Principles 215 -- 7.2 System of Systems Engineering Approaches 222 -- 7.3 Centralized Versus Decentralized Approaches 227.

7.4 Sensitivity Analysis and Uncertainty Quantification 230 -- 7.5 Final Remarks 232 -- References 233 -- 8 SYSTEMS ENGINEERING TOOLS AND METHODS FOR SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT 235 -- 8.1 Systems Analysis, Waste Management, and Technology Hub 236 -- 8.2 Cost-Benefit-Risk Trade-Offs and Single-Objective Optimization 240 -- 8.3 Multicriteria Decision-Making 248 -- 8.4 Game Theory and Conflict Resolution 283 -- 8.5 System Dynamics Modeling 287 -- 8.6 Final Remarks 290 -- References 292 -- Appendix Web Site Resources of Software Packages of LINDO and LINGO 299 -- III INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY AND INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES 301 -- 9 INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY AND MUNICIPAL UTILITY PARKS 303 -- 9.1 Industrial Symbiosis and Industrial Ecology 303 -- 9.2 Creation of Eco-Industrial Parks and Eco-Industrial Clusters 309 -- 9.3 Municipal Utility Parks in Urban Regions 314 -- 9.4 Final Remarks 319 -- References 321 -- 10 LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT AND SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT 323 -- 10.1 Life Cycle Assessment for Solid Waste Management 323 -- 10.2 Phases of Life Cycle Assessment 325 -- 10.3 LCA Waste Management Software 355 -- 10.4 Putting LCA into Practice 361 -- 10.5 Life Cycle Management 374 -- 10.6 Final Remarks 376 -- References 376 -- 11 STREAMLINED LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT FOR SOLID WASTE TREATMENT OPTIONS 387 -- 11.1 Application of Life Cycle Assessment for Solid Waste Management 388 -- 11.2 LCA for Screening Technologies of Solid Waste Treatment 390 -- 11.3 LCA Assessment Methodology 391 -- 11.4 Description of the CSLCA 397 -- 11.5 Interpretation of CSLCA Results 400 -- 11.6 Final Remarks 412 -- References 412 -- 12 CARBON-FOOTPRINT-BASED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT 417 -- 12.1 The Global-Warming Potential Impact 417 -- 12.2 The Quantification Process 418 -- 12.3 GWP Assessment for Solid Waste Management 426 -- 12.4 Case Study 429 -- 12.5 Systems Analysis 434 -- 12.6 Final Remarks 436 -- References 436 -- IV INTEGRATED SYSTEMS PLANNING, DESIGN, AND MANAGEMENT 441 -- 13 MULTIOBJECTIVE DECISION-MAKING FOR SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN A CARBON-REGULATED ENVIRONMENT 443.

13.1 Current Gaps of Cost-Benefit Analyses for Solid Waste Management 444 -- 13.2 Background of System Planning 446 -- 13.3 Formulation of Systems Engineering Models for Comparative Analysis 451 -- 13.4 Interpretation of Modeling Output for Decision Analysis 459 -- 13.5 Comparative Analysis 464 -- 13.6 Final Remarks 470 -- References 470 -- 14 PLANNING REGIONAL MATERIAL RECOVERY FACILITIES IN A FAST-GROWING URBAN REGION 475 -- 14.1 Forecasting Municipal Solid Waste Generation and Optimal Siting of MRF in a Fast-growing Urban Region 476 -- 14.2 Modeling Philosophy 478 -- 14.3 Study Region and System Analysis Framework 480 -- 14.4 Prediction of Solid Waste Generation 483 -- 14.5 Regional Planning of Material Recovery Facilities 492 -- 14.6 Final Remarks 506 -- References 508 -- 15 OPTIMAL PLANNING FOR SOLID WASTE COLLECTION, RECYCLING, AND VEHICLE ROUTING 515 -- 15.1 Systems Engineering Approaches for Solid Waste Collection 516 -- 15.2 Simulation for Planning Solid Waste Recycling Drop-Off Stations 520 -- 15.3 Multiobjective Programming for Planning Solid Waste Recycling Drop-Off Stations 533 -- 15.4 Final Remarks 543 -- References 546 -- 16 MULTIATTRIBUTE DECISION-MAKING WITH SUSTAINABILITY CONSIDERATIONS 553 -- 16.1 Deterministic Multiple Attribute Decision-Making Process 554 -- 16.2 MADM for Solid Waste Management 568 -- 16.3 Final Remarks 579 -- References 580 -- 17 DECISION ANALYSIS FOR OPTIMAL BALANCE BETWEEN SOLID WASTE INCINERATION AND RECYCLING PROGRAMS 585 -- 17.1 Systems Analysis for Integrated Material Recycling and Waste-to-Energy Programs 586 -- 17.2 Refuse-Derived Fuel Process for Solid Waste Management 587 -- 17.3 Regional Shipping Strategies 594 -- 17.4 Final Remarks 606 -- References 609 -- 18 ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATICS FOR INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT 611 -- 18.1 How Does Environmental Informatics Help Solid Waste Management? 611 -- 18.2 Sensors and Sensor Networks for Solid Waste Management 612 -- 18.3 Database Design for Solid Waste Management 615.

18.4 Spatial Analysis with GIS and GPS for Solid Waste Management 616 -- 18.5 Expert Systems, Decision Support Systems, and Computational Intelligence Techniques 624 -- 18.6 Integrated Environmental Information Systems 641 -- 18.7 Final Remarks 644 -- References 646 -- V UNCERTAINTY ANALYSES AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES 665 -- 19 STOCHASTIC PROGRAMMING AND GAME THEORY FOR SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT DECISION-MAKING 667 -- 19.1 Background of Stochastic Programming 667 -- 19.2 Model Formulations of Stochastic Programming 668 -- 19.3 Stochastic Programming with Multiple Objective Functions 682 -- 19.4 Stochastic Dynamic Programming 686 -- 19.5 Game Theory 689 -- 19.6 Final Remarks 698 -- References 699 -- 20 FUZZY MULTIATTRIBUTE DECISION-MAKING FOR SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT WITH SOCIETAL COMPLICATIONS 703 -- 20.1 Fundamentals of Fuzzy Set Theory 703 -- 20.2 Siting a Regional Landfill with Fuzzy Multiattribute Decision-Making and GIS Techniques 713 -- 20.3 Fair Fund Redistribution and Environmental Justice with GIS-based Fuzzy AHP Method 731 -- 20.4 Final Remarks 751 -- References 753 -- 21 FUZZY MULTIATTRIBUTE DECISION-MAKING FOR SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT WITH TECHNOLOGICAL COMPLICATIONS 759 -- 21.1 Integrated Fuzzy Topsis and AHP Method for Screening Solid Waste Recycling Alternatives 759 -- 21.2 The Algorithm of FIMADM Method 765 -- 21.3 The Solid Waste Management System 771 -- 21.4 Final Remarks 788 -- References 788 -- 22 FUZZY MULTIOBJECTIVE DECISION-MAKING FOR SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT 791 -- 22.1 Fuzzy Linear Programming 791 -- 22.2 Fuzzy Multiobjective Programming-Fuzzy Global Criterion Method 796 -- 22.3 Fuzzy Goal Programming 800 -- 22.4 Case Study 802 -- 22.5 Final Remarks 823 -- References 826 -- 23 GREY SYSTEMS THEORY FOR SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT 829 -- 23.1 Grey Systems Theory 829 -- 23.2 Grey Linear Programming 831 -- 23.3 The Stability Issues of Grey Programming Models 840 -- 23.4 The Hybrid Approach for Various Cases of Uncertainty Quantification 843 -- 23.5 Final Remarks 844.

References 845 -- 24 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS FOR THE FUTURE OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT: CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVES 849 -- 24.1 The Evolution of Systems Analysis for Solid Waste Management 850 -- 24.2 Trend Analysis 862 -- 24.3 Technical Barriers and Socioeconomic Challenges 869 -- 24.4 Future Perspectives 872 -- 24.5 Final Remarks 874 -- References 875 -- INDEX 895.