This proceedings volume highlights the latest research and developments in psychometrics and statistics. It compiles and expands on selected and peer-reviewed presentations given at the 83rd Annual International Meeting of the Psychometric Society (IMPS), organized by Columbia University and held in New York, USA, July 9th to 13th, 2018. The IMPS is one of the largest international meetings on quantitative measurement in education, psychology, and the social sciences. The last couple of years it has attracted more than 500 participants and more than 250 paper presentations from researchers around the world. Leading experts and promising young researchers from around the world have written the 38 chapters. The chapters address a large variety of topics including but not limited to item response theory, multistage adaptive testing, and cognitive diagnostic models. This volume is the 7th in a series of recent volumes to cover research presented at the IMPS.