This thesis reports on novel methods for gain-scheduling and fault tolerant control (FTC). It begins by analyzing the connection between the linear parameter varying (LPV) and Takagi-Sugeno (TS) paradigms. This is then followed by a detailed description of the design of robust and shifting state-feedback controllers for these systems. Furthermore, it presents two approaches to fault-tolerant control: the first is based on a robust polytopic controller design, while the second involves a reconfiguration of the reference model and the addition of virtual actuators into the loop. In short, the thesis offers a thorough review of the state-of-the art in gain scheduling and fault-tolerant control, with a special emphasis on LPV and TS systems.